CYCLICAL CONNECTION BETWEEN TRANSGENERATIONAL TRAUMA, HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT, EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS AND CORTISOL HORMONE
CYCLICAL

Palavras-chave

Transgenerational trauma, life history, cortisol, stress, epigenetics, hostile environments.

Como Citar

Jefferson, J. . (2023). CYCLICAL CONNECTION BETWEEN TRANSGENERATIONAL TRAUMA, HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT, EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS AND CORTISOL HORMONE. Health and Society, 3(04), 225–246. https://doi.org/10.51249/hs.v3i04.1474

Resumo

This narrative review demonstrates the close connection between the impact of traumas experienced across generations, added to an environment of unpredictability during an organism’s life history. The effects of trauma can be passed on to subsequent generations through epigenetic mechanisms and changes in the stress response axis, sensitivity to glucocorticoid receptors, and cortisol release. When associated, they form a line of continuous cause and effect in the life history of the individuals involved and their future generations, favoring new environments of unpredictability and risks that lead to more adverse situations and traumas. Consequently, descendants and nearby people can be impacted by cascading effects related to existing difficulties in environments considered hostile or unpredictable.

https://doi.org/10.51249/hs.v3i04.1474
CYCLICAL

Referências

BARANOWSKV, A. B. et al. PTSD Transmission: A Review of Secondary Traumatization in Holocaust Survivor Families. Canadian Psychology, 1998.

BARR, K.; QUINSEY, V. Is psychopathy pathology or a life strategy? Implications for social policy. Evolutionary Psychology, Public Policy and Personal Decisions , 2004.

BELSKY, J.; SCHLOMER, G. L.; ELLIS, B. J. Beyond cumulative risk: Distinguishing harshness and unpredictability as determinants of parenting and early life history strategy. Developmental Psychology, v. 48, n. 3, p. 662–673, 2012.

BELSKY, J.; STEINBERG, L.; DRAPER, P. Childhood Experience, Interpersonal Development, and Reproductive Strategy: An Evolutionary Theory of SocializationSource: Child Development. [s.l: s.n.]. Disponível em: <http://www.jstor.orgURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/1131166http://www.jstor.org/stable/1131166?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference#references_tab_contents>.

CABEZA DE BACA, T. et al. Adversity, Adaptive Calibration, and Health: The Case of Disadvantaged Families. Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology, v. 2, n. 2, p. 93–115, 1 jun. 2016.

CABEZA DE BACA, T.; ELLIS, B. J. Early stress, parental motivation, and reproductive decision-making: applications of life history theory to parental behavior. Current Opinion in Psychology, v. 15, p. 1–6, 1 jun. 2017.

CHISHOLM, J. S. Death, Hope and Sex: Steps to an Evolutionary Ecology of Mind and Morality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

CONRADT, E. et al. The Contributions of Maternal Sensitivity and Maternal Depressive Symptoms to Epigenetic Processes and Neuroendocrine Functioning. Child Development, v. 87, n. 1, p. 73–85, 1 jan. 2016.

CRESPI, E. J. et al. Life history and the ecology of stress: How do glucocorticoid hormones influence life-history variation in animals? Functional Ecology, v. 27, n. 1, p. 93–106, fev. 2013.

DANSBY, V. S.; MARINELLI, R. P. Adolescent children of Vietnam combat veteran fathers: a population at risk. Journal of Adolescence, v. 22, p. 329–340, 1999.

DAVIDSON, J. R. T. et al. A family study of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder following rape trauma. Journal of Psychiatric Research, v. 32, p. 301–309, 1998.

DICKERSON, S. S.; KEMENY, M. E. Acute stressors and cortisol responses: A theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research. Psychological Bulletin, v. 130, n. 3, p. 355–391, maio 2004.

DUNKEL, C.; MATHES, E.; DECKER, M. Behavioral flexibility in life history strategies: The role of life expectancy. Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, v. 4, n. 2, p. 51–61, maio 2010.

ELLIS, B. J. Timing of pubertal maturation in girls: An integrated life history approach. Psychological Bulletin, v. 130, n. 6, p. 920–958, nov. 2004.

___. Fundamental dimensions of environmental risk: The impact of harsh versus unpredictable environments on the evolution and development of life history strategies. Human Nature, v. 20, n. 2, p. 204–268, maio 2009.

FIGUEREDO, A. J. et al. The K-factor: Individual differences in life history strategy. Personality and Individual Differences, v. 39, n. 8, p. 1349–1360, dez. 2005.

___. Consilience and Life History Theory: From genes to brain to reproductive strategy. Developmental Review, v. 26, n. 2, p. 243–275, jun. 2006.

FRANKLIN, T. B. et al. Epigenetic transmission of the impact of early stress across generations. Biological Psychiatry, v. 68, n. 5, p. 408–415, 1 set. 2010.

GIUDICE, M. DEL. An Evolutionary Life History Framework for Psychopathology. Psychological Inquiry, v. 25, n. 3–4, p. 261–300, 2014.

GIUDICE, M. DEL; ELLIS, B. J.; SHIRTCLIFF, E. A. The Adaptive Calibration Model of stress responsivityNeuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, jun. 2011.

GIUDICE, M. DEL; GANGESTAD, S. W.; KAPLAN, H. S. Life history theory and evolutionary psychology. Em: The handbook of evolutionary psychology. [s.l.] Wiley, 2015. v. 1:Foundationsp. 88–114.

GRISKEVICIUS, V. et al. When the Economy Falters, Do People Spend or Save? Responses to Resource Scarcity Depend on Childhood Environments. Psychological Science, v. 24, n. 2, p. 197–205, 2013.

GRYCH, J. H. et al. Patterns of Adjustment Among Children of Battered Women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, v. 68, n. 1, p. 84–94, 2000.

GUNNAR, M. R.; VAZQUEZ, D. M. Low cortisol and a flattening of expected daytime rhythm: Potential indices of risk in human development. Development and Psychopathology, v. 13, p. 515–538, 2001.

HILL, K.; KAPLAN, H. Life History Traits in Humans: Theory and Empirical Studies. Source: Annual Review of Anthropology, v. 28, p. 397–430, 1999.

KELLERMANN, N. P. F. Transmitted Holocaust Trauma: Curse or Legacy? The Aggravating and Mitigating Factors of Holocaust Transmission. Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Science, v. 45, n. 4, p. 263–271, 2008.

KELLERMANN, N. P. F. Transmission of Holocaust trauma - An integrative view. Psychiatry, v. 64, n. 3, p. 256–267, 2001.

KESTENBERG, J. S. [ED]; FOGELMAN, E. [ED]. Children during the Nazi reign: Psychological perspective on the interview process., 1994.

LYONS, R. J. et al. Familial vulnerability factors to post-traumatic stress disorder in male military veterans. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, v. 93, p. 105–112, 1996.

MCFARLANE, A. The aetiology of post-traumatic stress disorders following a natural disaster. British Journal of Psychiatry, v. 152, p. 116–121, 1988.

MEANEY, M. J. Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations. Annu. Rev. Neurosci., v. 24, p. 1161–1192, 2001.

MITTAL, C.; GRISKEVICIUS, V. Sense of Control Under Uncertainty Depends on People’s Childhood Environment: A Life History Theory Approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, v. 107, n. 4, p. 621–637, 2014.

NETTLE, D. Flexibility in reproductive timing in human females: Integrating ultimate and proximate explanations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 366, n. 1563, p. 357–365, 12 fev. 2011.

ROMENS, S. E. et al. Associations Between Early Life Stress and Gene Methylation in Children. Child Development, v. 86, n. 1, p. 303–309, 1 jan. 2015.

SCHARF, M. Long-term effects of trauma: Psychosocial functioning of the second and third generation of Holocaust survivors. Development and Psychopathology , v. 19, p. 603–622, 2007.

SCHECHTER, D. S. Intergenerational communication of maternal violent trauma: Understanding the interplay of reflective functioning and posttraumatic psychopathology. [s.l: s.n.]. Disponível em: <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230745786>.

SMITH, C.; THORNBERRY, T. P. The Relationship between childhood maltreatment and adolescent involvement in deliquency. Criminology, v. 33, n. 4, p. 451–480, 1995.

SORSCHER, N.; COHEN, L. J. Trauma in children of Holocaust survivors: Transgenerational effects. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, v. 67, n. 3, p. 493–500, 1997.

TAFT, C. T. et al. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, Physiological Reactivity, Alcohol Problems, and Aggression Among Military Veterans. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, v. 116, n. 3, p. 498–507, 2007.

TOLLEFSBOL, T. O. Transgenerational Epigenetics. Em: Transgenerational Epigenetics. [s.l.] Elsevier Inc., 2014. p. 1–8.

WEISS, I. C. et al. Inheritable effect of unpredictable maternal separation on behavioral responses in mice. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, n. FEBRUARY, fev. 2011.

WELLS, J. C. K. et al. Evolutionary public health: introducing the conceptThe LancetLancet Publishing Group, , 29 jul. 2017.

WHITE, A. E. et al. Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket: Life-History Strategies, Bet Hedging, and Diversification. Psychological Science, v. 24, n. 5, p. 715–722, 2013.

WILSON, E. Sociobiology - The New Synthesis. [s.l.] Harvard University Press , 2000.

WOHL, M. J. A.; BRANSCOMBE, N. R. Remembering Historical Victimization: Collective Guilt for Current Ingroup Transgressions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, v. 94, n. 6, p. 988–1006, jun. 2008.

YEHUDA, R. et al. Low Urinary Cortisol Excretion in Holocaust Survivors With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Am J Psychiatry, v. 1, n. 7, 1995.

___. The Cortisol and Glucocorticoid Receptor Response to Low Dose Dexamethasone Administration in Aging Combat Veterans and Holocaust Survivors with and without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Biol Psychiatry, v. 52, p. 393–403, 2002.

___. Influences of maternal and paternal PTSD on epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in Holocaust survivor offspring. American Journal of Psychiatry, v. 171, n. 8, p. 872–880, 2014.

___. Holocaust Exposure Induced Intergenerational Effects on FKBP5 Methylation. Biological Psychiatry, v. 80, n. 5, p. 372–380, 1 set. 2016.

ZALIHIĆ, A.; ZALIHIĆ, D.; PIVIĆ, G. Influence of posttraumatic stress disorder of the fathers on other family members. Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, v. 8, n. 1, p. 20–26, 200

Creative Commons License
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2023 Jadilson Jefferson Gomes da Silva

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Métricas

Carregando Métricas ...