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HUMANIZATION: THE POSITIVE CHANGE THAT NURSES CAN BRING
TO THE PATIENT’S LIFE
Elda Garbo Pinto1
Cinthia Aguiar Sanches2
Elcie Aparecida Braga de Oliveira3
Paula Gomes da Silva 4
Katia Cristina dos Santos Darruiz5
Anelvira de Oliveira Florentino6
Natanael da Costa7
Chilerne Lopes8
Cláudia Rosana Trevisani Corrêa9
Cássia Marques da Rocha Hoelz10
Abstract: Introduction: Humanization in nursing care has gained prominence as an essential strategy
to improve the quality of healthcare services. The practice of humanization considers not only the
technical aspects of care but also the emotional, social, and spiritual elements of the patient, promoting
a more comprehensive and personcentered approach. Objectives: To analyze the contributions of
humanization in emergency, urgent care, and intensive care services, highlighting its positive impacts
1 Master in Nursing, São Paulo State University (Unesp)
2 Nursing student, Unisagrado
3 Master’s student in Nursing, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto (USP)
4 Master in Dentistry, Unisagrado
5 Specialist in Neonatal ICU and Teaching for Higher Education, Faculdade Integradas de Jhau
6 PhD in Nursing, Itapetininga, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Paulista State University (Unesp)
7 Master’s student in Nursing, São Paulo State University (Unesp)
8 Specialist in Urgency and Emergency, Degree in Acupuncture, University of the Sacred Heart
(USC)
9 PhD in Public Health, São Paulo State University (Unesp)
10 Master in Nursing, São Paulo State University (Unesp)
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on patients’ lives and nursing practice. Methodology: This is a type of bibliographic study, with
a descriptive methodological approach, with searches in health databases. The sample consisted of
eight articles selected and reviewed between August and October 2024.Results: The analysis of the
research indicates that humanization, when systematically applied, produces signicant outcomes,
such as strengthening the bond between nurses and patients, improving the quality of care, and
enhancing user satisfaction. However, challenges were also identied, including a lack of resources
and training, which hinder the full implementation of this approach. Humanization involves not only
adhering to policy guidelines but also adopting compassionate practices, effective communication,
and holistic care, factors that make the hospital environment more welcoming and efcient. Final
Considerations: Despite the obstacles encountered, humanization has the potential to transform the
patient experience and improve the quality of work for nursing professionals. Continuous efforts are
essential to strengthen this approach in various healthcare contexts.
Keywords: nursing; care; humanization; impact.
INTRODUCTION
Humanization in the eld of nursing is a comprehensive process that transcends merely
technical interventions, and is located at the core of care practice. It involves the establishment of
a genuine relationship between the health professional and the patient, based on ethical and moral
values that value respect for individuality, dignity and human rights (Calegari; Massarollo and Santos,
2015).
In this context, the nurse assumes a central role by being the closest and most constant link
in patient care, acting as a bridge between biological and emotional needs. The humanization process
includes the nurse’s ability to understand the patient not only as a sick body, but as a complete human
being, with history, emotions, fears and expectations (Calegari; Massarollo and Santos, 2015).
The presence of a humanized approach can directly impact the patient’s experience in
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situations of vulnerability, such as prolonged hospitalizations, invasive procedures, and serious
diagnoses. Studies reveal that when nurses are willing to actively listen to patients, to create an
environment of welcome and trust, the recovery process tends to be faster, more efcient and with
less suffering. More than that, humanization unfolds in tangible effects such as a reduction in anxiety,
stress and depression rates among patients, as well as greater adherence to the proposed treatments
and a decrease in the need for medication for pain and insomnia (Nórdio; Mendes, 2021).
However, the practice of humanization is not limited to direct interaction with the patient. It
requires a structural and cultural change within health institutions, which must create conditions for
professionals to act in a humanized way, without the excessive pressure of exhausting routines and an
often impersonal and fragmented system. For nurses to be, in fact, agents of positive transformation, it
is necessary to receive institutional support, continuous training and that the work environment favors
the application of empathetic practices (Silva, 2014).
In this context, How can the implementation of humanized practices in nursing improve
patient experience and clinical outcomes in different care settings?
This study seeks to deepen the understanding of how humanization, when properly
implemented by nurses, can represent a signicant change in the lives of patients, contributing not
only to more effective clinical results, but also to the promotion of more ethical care committed to
integral well-being.
GOALS
To analyze the role of humanization in nursing practice and its inuence on the promotion of
a more efcient, welcoming health care centered on the integral needs of the patient.
To identify the main humanization practices adopted by nurses in the daily care of patients.
To evaluate the effects of humanization on strengthening the nurse/patient relationship and
increasing treatment adherence.
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Propose strategies to overcome the challenges encountered in the implementation of
humanization in hospital and clinical environments.
THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMANIZATION IN NURSING: PRINCIPLES AND BENEFITS
FOR THE QUALITY OF CARE
Humanization in nursing is a concept that is gaining more and more prominence in the
context of health care, being considered one of the fundamental pillars to ensure quality, patient-
centered care. Humanization involves the application of ethical and moral principles that value dignity,
respect, empathy, and solidarity, recognizing the patient as an integral human being, with physical,
emotional, social, and cultural needs. This approach goes beyond the technical and protocol practices
of the profession, rescuing the essence of care as a relationship of proximity and mutual support
(Rocha; Andrade, 2017).
The principles of humanization, such as empathy, welcoming, and active listening, are
fundamental to creating an environment of trust, valuing the patient in their uniqueness. These
principles facilitate effective communication, allowing the nurse to act as a provider of physical care
and emotional and psychological support. In addition, humanization respects the patient’s autonomy,
encouraging their active participation in the treatment, which increases the feeling of control and
adherence to treatment (Oliveira; Perez, 2023).
Humanized care improves the quality of care, as patients who feel welcomed tend to have
better therapeutic results. Studies show that humanization reduces stress and anxiety, favoring
recovery. The humanized posture of the nurse creates a positive therapeutic environment, facilitating
healing. In addition, emotionally safe patients report lower pain perception and higher satisfaction,
resulting in a more positive hospital experience and better clinical outcomes (Batista, 2020).
In addition to the benets for the patient, humanization also positively impacts nurses and
the health team. Professionals in environments that value humanization tend to feel more fullled
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and motivated, reducing stress and improving team dynamics. Thus, humanization promotes the
well-being of both patients and professionals, creating a more harmonious and collaborative work
environment (Alves, 2023).
TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF HUMANIZATION ON STRENGTHENING THE NUR-
SE-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP AND INCREASING TREATMENT ADHERENCE
The nurse-patient relationship is essential for the quality of health care and is profoundly
inuenced by humanization. By strengthening this relationship, humanization promotes trust, open
communication, and a therapeutic bond that facilitates adherence to treatment. When nurses act in a
humanized way, respecting the emotional, psychological and social needs of the patient, they create
an environment that encourages the patient’s engagement in their own healing process (Pereira, 2015).
Humanization strengthens the nurse-patient relationship by creating an environment of
trust, where the patient feels heard and valued. By practicing active listening and demonstrating
empathy, the nurse provides the patient with security, reducing fear and anxiety common in hospital
environments. This bond of trust encourages the patient to express doubts and concerns, allowing
for a more accurate and personalized approach. Trust also increases the patient’s commitment to the
treatment, making them feel like an active part in decision-making about their health (Guillaumie, et
al., 2022).
Humanization facilitates effective communication, which is essential for therapeutic success.
By explaining the diagnosis, procedures, and treatments clearly, the nurse helps the patient understand
their condition and the importance of following medical guidelines. This reduces communicative
barriers that can cause confusion and lack of adherence to treatment. Patients who understand their
health and the benets of treatments well are more collaborative and become active partners in
managing their own health (Ribeiro, 2023).
A crucial aspect of humanization is the emotional support that nurses provide. Patients often
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feel vulnerable and fragile during treatment or hospitalization, and emotional support from the nurse
can be essential for treatment adherence. When patients feel that their emotions are validated and given
help to cope with stress and fear, they tend to be more motivated to follow treatment appropriately.
This humanized emotional support improves psychological well-being, reducing depression and
anxiety, factors that can impair treatment adherence (Nascimento; Lima and Passos, 2023).
Humanized nursing practice strengthens the nurse-patient relationship and positively impacts
clinical outcomes. Patients who establish a close bond with their nurses tend to better adhere to
medications, therapies, and treatment routines, resulting in more favorable health outcomes.
Humanization creates a welcoming environment that increases the patient’s commitment to
therapeutic recommendations. Studies show that trust and mutual respect in a humanized relationship
reduce non-adherence, improve health indicators, reduce complications, and shorten hospitalization
time (Santos, 2019).
CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMANIZA-
TION IN NURSING PRACTICES
Although humanization in nursing practices is recognized for improving the quality of care,
its implementation faces signicant challenges. These obstacles are linked to structural, organizational
and cultural factors in health institutions, in addition to working conditions and the training of nursing
professionals. For humanization to become a sustainable practice, it is essential to understand these
barriers and develop strategies to overcome them (Silva, et al., 2024).
One of the main challenges is the work overload of nurses, caused by exhausting working
hours, reduced teams and constant demands. This pressure limits the ability of professionals to dedicate
time and individualized attention to each patient, often transforming interactions into technical and
operational acts. As a result, welcoming and empathy, which are crucial for humanization, end up
being compromised (Alves, et al., 2015).
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Another important challenge is the lack of specic training for humanized practices.
Although humanization is addressed in theoretical training, its practical application is not always
well developed. Technical and protocol training, although essential, often predominates over the
development of emotional and communicational skills (Bôas, et al., 2017).
Culturally, humanization may face resistance within health institutions. In environments
with an organizational culture focused on efciency and quick results, humanized care can be
seen as secondary or an obstacle to workow. The absence of institutional policies that promote
humanization reinforces this view, leading nurses to prioritize automated and impersonal tasks instead
of individualized and attentive care (Giordani, 2015).
To promote the effective implementation of humanization in nursing practices, it is essential
to readjust working conditions, reducing overload and increasing the number of teams. This will
allow nurses to spend more time interacting with patients. In addition, investing in efcient human
resource management to balance tasks and provide adequate support will help alleviate employee
fatigue (Silva, 2019).
Continuous training is also crucial; training programs focused on emotional and
communication skills, such as active listening and empathy, should be integrated into hospital routine
to ensure that professionals develop the condence necessary for a humanized approach, even under
pressure (Dias, 2023).
In addition, it is crucial that institutions promote a culture that values humanization as part of
the quality of care. This can be done through policies that recognize and reward humanized practices
and by including humanization indicators in performance evaluation. Encouraging humanization as
an institutional value helps to create a more welcoming and collaborative environment (Silva; Chagas,
2020).
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METHODOLOGY
This is a detailed literature review on the theme “Humanization: The positive change that
nurses can bring to the patient’s life”. This review will be conducted in a systematic and comprehensive
manner, with the aim of exploring humanized practices in nursing and their inuence on patient care
and recovery. To ensure the accuracy and relevance of the results, rigorously dened steps will be
followed, from the search and selection of studies to the critical evaluation of the ndings.
Initially, a thorough search was carried out in several recognized databases, such as PubMed,
Scielo, LILACS, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, in order to identify relevant studies published
in the last 10 years. The search was rened using Boolean operators such as “AND”, “NOT” and
“OR”, and the main search terms will include “Nursing”, “Care”, “Humanization” and “impact”.
Books, dissertations and reports from health institutions that address the theme of humanization in
the hospital environment were also consulted.
The selection of studies was carried out carefully, based on previously dened inclusion
and exclusion criteria. Studies that specically investigate the impact of humanized practices on the
nurse-patient relationship and treatment adherence were considered, in addition to the emotional and
clinical benets that result from these interactions. Priority was given to studies that analyzed in detail
the application of humanization in different care contexts and its consequences for the well-being of
patients, as well as those that presented comparisons with more traditional approaches to care. The
exclusion criterion for the studies was for those that did not directly address humanization in nursing,
that were not available in full, or that did not meet the established quality criteria.
After selecting the studies, a critical evaluation of the evidence obtained was carried out, with
the aim of synthesizing the main ndings and identifying trends, gaps, and limitations present in the
literature. Potential biases and factors that may interfere in the results of the studies were investigated,
seeking to understand the practical implications of humanized practices in nursing. In addition, the
impact of humanization was discussed both in improving clinical outcomes and in increasing patient
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satisfaction and emotional well-being.
This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date view of how
humanization can positively transform nursing care. By analyzing humanized practices and their
impact, it is expected to offer valuable contributions to the development of strategies that promote
more empathetic, efcient care centered on patients’ needs, emphasizing the fundamental role of
nurses in promoting a more welcoming and humanized care experience.
FINDINGS
The results of the research were obtained from systematic searches carried out in the main
databases relevant to the theme of humanization in nursing. Using the previously mentioned descriptors,
62 articles were identied distributed among the PubMed (11 articles), LILACS (43 articles), Scielo
(3 articles), ScienceDirect (5 articles) databases, and along with the help of the Google Scholar search
engine.
After the initial reading of the titles, 6 articles were excluded because they were repeated
in more than one database, resulting in a preliminary sample of 56 articles. Then, a more detailed
analysis was carried out, with the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review articles
and those written in languages other than Portuguese, Spanish and English were excluded, which
reduced the number of relevant studies to 21 articles.
The full reading of the 21 selected articles was then conducted, and, based on methodological
quality and relevance to the research objective, 8 articles were nally included in the integrative
review. These 8 articles provided the basis for an in-depth analysis of the effects of humanization
on nursing care, addressing issues such as the impact on the nurse-patient relationship, treatment
adherence, patients’ emotional well-being, and improvements in clinical outcomes. (Figure 1)
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Figure 1. Flowchart of the selection of articles for the elaboration of the integrative review. Bauru, SP,
2024.
Source: Prepared by the authors.
Table 1 describes the search process in the databases, with a description of the ndings, those
excluded, and which articles remained.
Table 1 - Description of the search process
Database Articles found Studies included after
reading the titles and
abstracts
Studies selected
after full-text
analysis
PubMed 11 3 2
LILACS 43 12 4
Scielo 3 2 2
Science Direct 5 1 0
Number of
studies included
in the work
62 17 8
Article Title Author Goals Findings
Humanization
in urgent and
emergency services:
contributions to
nursing care
SHAH
et al., 2019.
Analyze the evidence
of the
research developed
on humanization
in urgent and
emergency care,
in view of its
contributions to
nursing care.
The search resulted in a total of 133 publications, 17 of
which were included in the scope of this review. The analysis
enabled the elaboration of the units of evidence: Reception
with risk classication: device with good results and Barriers
and difculties for the use of the guidelines of the National
Humanization Policy.
Humanizing
intensive nursing
care for people with
COVID-19
SI LVA
JUNIOR, et
al., 2021.
Understanding the
impact of music in
intensive care for
COVID-19 as a tool
for humanization
provides assistance
from the perspective
of clinical nurses.
The following discursive categories emerged: Feelings of
health professionals and humanized actions in the intensive
care environment; Music therapy providing comprehensive
care to people with COVID19 in the context of intensive care;
experiencing the moment; Music therapy as an instrument of
spirituality in the intensive care environment.
Strategies to
strengthen the
humanization of
emergency health
services
ORTÍZ, et al.,
2021.
Describe strategies
that strengthen
the humanization
component of
emergency health
care delivery in a
fourth-level hospital.
The strategies reported as effective and that have an impact on
the factors related to the lack of humanization are: absence of
training in compassion, care and competence in soft skills; as
well as misinformation in the area of specialization and increase
in the nurse-patient relationship
Implementation of
user embracement
with risk
classication in the
hospital network
and its impact on
primary health care.
PEAR TREE;
RABBIT.
2019.
To describe the
experience of the
implementation of
user embracement
with risk
classication in the
hospital environment
and its impact on
the planning and
execution of actions
carried out in
primary health care.
The results showed that the reception and classication service,
when systematized, corroborates the effectiveness of Municipal
Health Management.
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Source: Prepared by the authors.
Table 2 - Description of the articles
Article Title Author Goals Findings
Humanization
in urgent and
emergency services:
contributions to
nursing care
SHAH
et al., 2019.
Analyze the evidence
of the
research developed
on humanization
in urgent and
emergency care,
in view of its
contributions to
nursing care.
The search resulted in a total of 133 publications, 17 of
which were included in the scope of this review. The analysis
enabled the elaboration of the units of evidence: Reception
with risk classication: device with good results and Barriers
and difculties for the use of the guidelines of the National
Humanization Policy.
Humanizing
intensive nursing
care for people with
COVID-19
SI LVA
JUNIOR, et
al., 2021.
Understanding the
impact of music in
intensive care for
COVID-19 as a tool
for humanization
provides assistance
from the perspective
of clinical nurses.
The following discursive categories emerged: Feelings of
health professionals and humanized actions in the intensive
care environment; Music therapy providing comprehensive
care to people with COVID19 in the context of intensive care;
experiencing the moment; Music therapy as an instrument of
spirituality in the intensive care environment.
Strategies to
strengthen the
humanization of
emergency health
services
ORTÍZ, et al.,
2021.
Describe strategies
that strengthen
the humanization
component of
emergency health
care delivery in a
fourth-level hospital.
The strategies reported as effective and that have an impact on
the factors related to the lack of humanization are: absence of
training in compassion, care and competence in soft skills; as
well as misinformation in the area of specialization and increase
in the nurse-patient relationship
Implementation of
user embracement
with risk
classication in the
hospital network
and its impact on
primary health care.
PEAR TREE;
RABBIT.
2019.
To describe the
experience of the
implementation of
user embracement
with risk
classication in the
hospital environment
and its impact on
the planning and
execution of actions
carried out in
primary health care.
The results showed that the reception and classication service,
when systematized, corroborates the effectiveness of Municipal
Health Management.
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Source: Prepared by the authors.
Quality indicators in
humanized care for
people with mental
suffering in the acute
phase.
DOTTI RÍOS,
O TÁ RO L A
A C O S T A ,
2021.
To carry out a
reective analysis
on health quality
indicators of
people with mental
suffering in the acute
phase, to evaluate
the work carried
out by occupational
diseases and their
impact on their
health.
Although many nursing professionals apply humanized care
framed by the policy, it is essential to redirect actions to
empower the person.
Comprehensiveness
and humanization in
the management of
nursing care in the
Intensive Care Unit.
MEDEIROS,
et al., 2016.
To identify the
elements capable
of promoting
comprehensiveness
and humanization in
the management of
nursing care in the
Intensive Care Unit,
with an ecosystem
focus.
The results of the study show that comprehensiveness in
the management of nursing care in the ICU points to some
challenges in relation to the complementarity of actions in a
broad and integrative way
Care Humanized
nursing care units
in an intensive care
unit in Angola:
facilitating and
difcult factors
revealed.
SILI, et al.,
2024.
Describe the facilities
and difculties of
nursing professionals
in the
Humanized care
in intensive care in
Angola
Five central ideas emerged from the testimonies: two
involving the facilities; and three, the difculties in offering
humanized care. The facilities refer to the involvement of
the Multiprofessional team in the care and interpersonal
relationships of the nursing team. The difculties are linked
to the lack of material resources, equipment and inputs; scarce
human resources and little specialized preparation of the
nursing team.
Implementation
of the Care
Methodology
H u m a n i t u d e :
contribution to the
quality of health care
HENRIQU
ES, et al.,
2019.
To evaluate the
contribution of the
implementation of
the Humanitude
Care Methodology to
the quality of health
care in a Care Unit
Continued.
Health professionals manifested difculties in providing care to
agitated, confused, disoriented, aggressive people who refused
care, and also in communicating with patients who did not
express themselves verbally
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DISCUSSION
Humanization in nursing care has been a widely discussed topic and is seen as an essential
aspect to improve the quality of patient care. Throughout the article, it was found that each author
mentioned addresses different perspectives and contributions that humanization can bring to nursing
practice.
Sousa et al., (2019) highlight that the implementation of user embracement with risk
classication in urgent and emergency services has shown good results, contributing to greater
efciency in nursing care. However, they also recognize signicant barriers to the full application of
the guidelines of the National Humanization Policy, such as the lack of training and difculties in its
execution.
Silva Junior et al., (2021) address the humanization of intensive care care during the
COVID-19 pandemic. They emphasize music therapy as a strategy that promotes integrality of care
and spirituality, helping to alleviate emotional distress for both patients and nurses, demonstrating
how humanized practices can improve well-being in the hospital setting.
Ortíz et al., (2021) suggest that the absence of training in soft skills, such as compassion
and caring, negatively impacts humanization in emergency services. They propose that, in order to
strengthen humanization, it is necessary for nurses to receive adequate training to deal with emotional
and relational demands, in addition to technical skills.
Pereira and Coelho (2019) point out that the adoption of user embracement with risk
classication in the hospital environment positively inuences the planning of actions in primary care,
helping to create a more efcient and humanized health system. They demonstrate how humanization
can have a positive impact beyond emergency services, reaching the entire health care network.
Dotti Ríos and Otárola Acosta (2021) focus on quality indicators in the care of people with
mental suffering in the acute phase. They state that, although many professionals follow humanized
guidelines, it is still necessary to reevaluate practices to ensure that care is centered on patient
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empowerment, highlighting the importance of a more reective and integrative approach.
Medeiros et al., (2016) identify challenges in the management of care in the ICU, where
humanization must be combined with comprehensiveness. They argue that, in order to promote
complete and holistic care, it is necessary to overcome difculties related to the coordination of
actions between different professionals and health services.
Sili et al., (2024) point out the difculties faced by nurses in Angola in offering humanized
care in intensive care. They note that, although there are facilities, such as the collaboration of the
multiprofessional team, professionals still face challenges such as the lack of material and human
resources, in addition to inadequate preparation to deal with complex situations.
Finally, Henriques et al., (2019) discuss the implementation of the Humanitude Care
Methodology, which has contributed to humanization in long-term care units. However, they highlight
the challenges related to providing care to patients who are agitated, confused, or refuse care, which
can hinder communication and the effectiveness of care.
These authors, when approaching humanization in different ways and contexts, suggest that
humanized practice is a continuous and essential process to promote a positive change in the lives
of patients, directly impacting the quality of care and the general well-being of those who receive
nursing care.
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
In view of the aspects presented by the studies of the articles, it is evident that humanization in
nursing care is an essential pillar to raise the quality of care in various areas of health. By prioritizing
an approach that considers the emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of the patient, it is possible to
promote more complete and person-centered care. This practice strengthens the relationship between
nurse and patient, resulting in greater satisfaction and better therapeutic outcomes.
However, the full implementation of humanization still faces obstacles, such as the lack
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of adequate resources and the lack of specic training. Overcoming these challenges requires the
adoption of health policies that value the continuous training of professionals and ensure working
conditions conducive to the application of humanized practices.
By integrating compassion, effective communication, and a holistic view of care,
humanization transforms the patient experience and benets both the care and the work environment
of nursing professionals. Consolidating this approach is key to building a more inclusive, welcoming,
and efcient health system.
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